Facing the world as a neurodivergent individual comes with its own challenges, but the increased risk of domestic abuse is rarely spoken about.
Yet, neurodivergent adults are two to three times more likely to experience domestic abuse compared to non-neurodivergent people, and more broadly, research has found that around 44% of autistic individuals experience some form of victimisation during their lives.
It’s important to understand why this happens, as this isn’t because of autism itself, but often due to social and structural factors. For example, autistic people may:
Find it harder to recognise unhealthy relationship behaviours. Some autistic people interpret communication literally or find it harder to pick up on subtle social cues, such as tone or body language. This can make it more difficult to spot controlling, manipulative or coercive behaviours, especially when they are disguised as care or concern.
Be more likely to be socially isolated or experience low self-esteem. In some cases, past experiences of exclusion or wanting to feel accepted can also make it harder to question unhealthy dynamics, particularly if the relationship offers a sense of stability or belonging. It may also mean they do not have a readily available support network, so if something were to happen, they might not have a close friend or relative to confide in.
Rely on others for support, making it harder to leave abusive situations. Social isolation may make it harder to leave the relationship if you are fully dependent on the abuser for support or if you require assistance from others in order to leave a situation. Many autistic individuals, especially those with higher support needs, are dependent on caregivers or family members, which means reporting is psychologically and practically risky as it could threaten their care, housing or basic needs.
Be less likely to report abuse or be believed when they do. A person with autism may not report abuse immediately because they don’t recognise it as abuse straight away, they may fear social repercussions, or struggle to explain what has been happening clearly. Also, past experiences of dismissal, bullying, or disbelief can make autistic people hesitant to speak up. They may worry that adults, peers, or authorities will misunderstand them, so they stay silent.
All of this can make it harder to seek help and easier for abuse to go unnoticed. It’s also really important to challenge harmful myths. Autistic people are far more likely to be victims of abuse than perpetrators.
At Leeds Women’s Aid, we believe every woman deserves respect and support. Our frontline teams undertake specialist safeguarding training to help equip them with skills to support neurodivergent individuals and help them to live free from abuse.
By understanding these additional risks, we can help to make sure our services are accessible, inclusive, and more responsive to individual needs.
If you think you or someone you know is experiencing domestic abuse, contact our 24hr helpline on: 0113 246 0401